One important “pupil” who paid Fuchs an early visit was Qian Sanqiang. In 1959 Qian was the designated mastermind of Mao’s A-bomb program. In July of that year, Qian made his way to East Germany, where he met with Fuchs at length. (H. Terry Hawkins, now a senior fellow at Los Alamos, told Stillman in 2006, “I read this report in an unclassified publication, that this meeting took place shortly after Fuchs returned to East Germany. Fuchs gave Qian information that greatly assisted the Chinese program.” Also see http://www.oldatlanticlighthouse.wordpress.com/category/klaus-fuchs.) During those long summer days of 1959, Fuchs gave Qian a full tutorial on the design and operation of Fat Man. In all likelihood, he also added his thoughts on the role of radiation pressure in thermonuclear weapons.
http://ptonline.aip.org/journals/doc/PHTOAD-ft/vol_61/iss_9/47_1.shtml
Above article by Thomas Reed former Secretary of the Air Force (1976–77) and scientist at Lawrence Livermore.
CFR also links to the Reed article at Physics Today.
http://www.cfr.org/publication/17360/physics_today.html
Its possible that Klaus Fuchs gave nuclear know-how to Huanwu-Peng and Kun Huang in the UK between 1945 and 1950. They were assistants to Max Born. They returned to China later and became stars in China.
The French may also have helped train them starting even before the German occupation.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qian_Sanqiang
Qian went for France in 1937. He studied in Collège de Sorbonne and Collège de France, doing research under Frédéric Joliot-Curie and Irène Joliot-Curie. He returned to China in 1948.
Joliot-Curie was a communist.
There were Chinese “students” at several key places. In America, UK, France, and possibly even in Germany. (I have misplaced the reference.)
After graduating in 1936 from Qinghua University, one of China’s leading science institutions, he traveled to France to conduct research at the Curie Laboratory and elsewhere.
Like many Chinese scholars who studied abroad, Qian Sanqiang (pronounced cheeyen sahn-cheeyahng) was sympathetic to the Communist revolution in 1949 and resolved to help the Communists “build the country.”
http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9E0CE6DC133FF930A35754C0A964958260
Hypothesis: Chinese students abroad were in many cases communists and dual agents of the Russian and Chinese intelligence services. This may have included Qian Sanqiang, Huanwu-Peng, Kun Huang and others.
Fuchs may have passed additional technical secrets to Russia and China in the late 1940′s through Huanwu-Peng, Kun Huang, both Max Born assistants like Fuchs and possibly in meetings with Qiang Sanqiang before 1948.
China has been intentionally spreading nuclear know-how to other countries according to a new book coming out.
http://www.nytimes.com/2008/12/09/science/09bomb.html?_r=2&ref=science&pagewanted=all
http://www.sentientdevelopments.com/2008/12/nyt-hidden-travels-of-atomic-bomb.html
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Steven Chu has been nominated to Department of Energy by Obama. Chu’s parents came from China c. 1945.
http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1997/chu-autobio.html
My father, Ju Chin Chu, came to the United States in 1943 to continue his education at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in chemical engineering, and two years later, my mother, Ching Chen Li, joined him to study economics. A generation earlier, my mother’s grandfather earned his advanced degrees in civil engineering at Cornell while his brother studied physics under Perrin at the Sorbonne before they returned to China.
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After the Liberation, he served as director of the French National Center for Scientific Research and became France’s first High Commissioner for Atomic Energy. In 1948 he oversaw the construction of the first French atomic reactor. A devout Communist, he was relieved of his duties in 1950 for political reasons. Joliot-Curie was also one of the eleven signatories to the Russell-Einstein Manifesto in 1955. Although he retained his professorship at the Collège de France, on the death of his wife in 1956, he took over her position as Chair of Nuclear Physics at the Sorbonne.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Joliot-Curie
Search
Heisenberg’s War: The Secret History of the German Bomb – Google Books Result
by Thomas Powers – 2000 – History – 640 pages
In the years before the war Perrin and Joliot-Curie, longtime friends, both acquired summer houses in the small French coastal town of Paimpol. …
books.google.com/books?isbn=0306810115…==
In 1948, after he obtained British citizenship, he was invited by John Cockcroft to contribute to the British atomic bomb project at AERE, Harwell where he joined the Nuclear Physics Division under Egon Bretscher. In 1950 he was appointed to the chair of physics at the University of Liverpool which he was due to take up in January, 1951.
However, on August 31, 1950, in the middle of a holiday in Italy, he abruptly left Rome for Stockholm with his wife and three sons without informing friends or relatives. The next day he was helped by Soviet agents to enter the USSR from Finland. His abrupt disappearance caused much concern to many of the western intelligence services, especially those of Britain and the USA who were worried about the escape of atomic secrets to the Soviet Union after the then recent case of Klaus Fuchs. But as was pointed out immediately, Pontecorvo had had only limited access to “secret subjects” and even later no allegation of spying or of transferring of secrets to the Soviets has ever been made against him.
Steven Chu was one of 46 employees named in a 2006 PricewatershouseCoopers audit of improper compensation practices at the University of California. [11] Records produced under the California Public Relations Act also show that he was one of at least 29 employees offered unusual perks in hiring letters, perks which the university had not made public.[12]
Principles for a Diverse Community
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory is principally an institution of scientific research, committed to addressing the needs of society. A diverse workforce is an invaluable asset to innovation and research excellence. To this end, we must embody the following principles to successfully affect the Laboratory’s mission and embrace our diverse workplace community.
- We affirm the inherent dignity in all of us and strive to maintain an environment characterized by respect, fairness, and inclusion. Our valued community encompasses an array of races, creeds, and social circumstances. We recognize and cherish the richness contributed by our diversity.
- We accept open expression of our individuality and diversity within the bounds of courtesy, respoect, and sensitivity. We take pride in our collective achievements. We honor our differences.
- As mandated by law and reaffirmed here, we will not tolerate any manifestations of discrimination, including those based on race, ethnicity, gender, age, disability, sexual orientation, religious or political beliefs, and status within the Laboratory.
Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao (R) meets with Chinese-American physicist Steven Chu, the 1997 Nobel Physics Prize laureate, in Beijing on Oct. 11, 2007. [Xinhua Photo]
“I think that steven chu would be a great help. Not because he won some prize, but because he is Asian.” Slayer.
